Anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injuries are a common type of knee injury that occurs when the ACL, one of the major stabilizing ligaments in the knee, is damaged. The ACL is a strong band of tissue that connects the thigh bone (femur) to the shinbone (tibia) and helps to stabilize the knee joint.

ACL injuries are often caused by sudden changes in direction or stopping suddenly, as well as landing from a jump incorrectly. These types of movements put a lot of strain on the ACL, which can cause it to tear or rupture. Symptoms of an ACL injury can include sudden pain and swelling in the knee, a feeling of instability or "giving way" in the knee, and difficulty walking or bearing weight on the affected leg.

Diagnosis of an ACL injury is typically made through a physical examination and imaging tests such as an MRI.

Treatment of an ACL injury can range from rest and physical therapy to surgery to repair or reconstruct the damaged ligament. Surgery to repair or reconstruct the ACL is often recommended for individuals who are active in sports or have a high demand for knee function. The success rate for ACL surgery is generally high, with patients typically able to return to their previous level of activity after a period of rehabilitation.

Preventing ACL injuries can be difficult, but some steps can be taken to reduce the risk. These include warming up before physical activity, avoiding sudden changes in direction, and wearing appropriate footwear. Strengthening the muscles around the knee can also help to support the ACL and prevent injury.

Key Notes:

• To avoid future tears make sure to include stretching and warming before physical activity.

• High success rate of reconstructive surgery

• Look for symptoms; sudden pain, difficulty walking, can’t bear weight, etc.

• Most treatment process includes surgery/repair, rehab, and strengthening/physical therapy

• Can be a mentally draining recovery, especially for athletes

• One example is Kate Taylor, a former D1 Boston College lacrosse player and she discusses her physical/mental struggles with former physical therapist Wesley Wang on his ACL Podcast.

• The video: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=NxsJE6-i3Yk

Author: Ronaldo Ribeiro @ronaldoribeirojr